Introduction To Latin American Studies
MohammadMunif Shaheen
It can be said that the South American continent Latin which features spatial characteristics are encouraging factors because establish any state relations with them, as the South American continent Latin owns geo strategic elements and contain natural resources, it can be said that the South American continent Latin collects economic and trade bloc with weight geo-economic International called Mercosur Common Market of the South American countries, make up the South American continent, Latin America and the economic geography of the region and the strategic task (geo-economic and geo-strategic), which contain important natural resources, these features possessed was one of the reasons that prompted the European countries to colonize tone for decades, then It came the United States as a superpower to take advantage of its role in this continent, including its natural resources, It can be said that the relationship emerged between East and West and between the North and the South, especially after the end of World War II, and this relationship is, and this relationship is in conflict and competition between the East (Communist) led Sueata Union and the capitalist West led by the United States, and the other side was the dominance of the South rendered countries considered human stock is cheap to meet the needs of European and American factories of manpower.
In this environment appeared alliances reflect the depth of the rift between East and West, North and South, and so pose (NATO, Warsaw, Netto, Santo, the Group of Eight, the Arab League , Non-Aligned Movement), If we start to link research on the relations with the countries of the American continent Latin find keys to establish relations with this continent, which lies between longitude 33 degrees east longitude and 85 degrees west and 33 degrees north and 56 degrees south, we note that ancient and modern great powers seeking to establish relations with the countries of Latin continent, whether through the old style (occupation), or contemporary style, a political and economic relations characterized by balance, because the major countries adopt the position of Mr., and the Latin continent they Affiliates, we note that the American continent Latin is one of the continents of the New World, and called it the label rate to Finder (Americo Vespucci), and this continent comprising twenty-one state, speaking in Spanish, Portuguese or French, this label indicates confirmation civilization historical relations between this part of the New World and the Latin countries in Europe.
Latin continent located in the province tropical and semi-tropical and tropical between longitude 35 degrees west and 85 degrees west and between latitudes p degrees north latitude degree line to the south, and is bordered by the Rio Grande River which forms the North-West Frontier (west) and the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean, and the southern border of the continent Latin It is common for each of the waters of the Atlantic and the Pacific, that separate this Antarctica, Latin continent is in the form of the base triangle in the north and the head of the triangle in the south, the triangle area of 21 million square kilometers, live in the Americas Latin about 590 million people, we note that the American continent Latin contain economic resources, including natural resources such as iron metal which is found in plateau east of Brazil, areas also exist for the production of iron in the north of Mexico, and also areas exist for the production of iron in the north of Mexico, and also areas in central Chile also at the areas of southern Cuba, there are gold ores and gems in the south of Brazil, there are metal manganese, chromium, lead, Albksi, He also extracted oil (petroleum) from the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico, especially in the north of Venezuela and the Northeast Colombia and the island of Trinidad and where it rose oil reserves of Venezuela to two hundred billion barrels, and that there are ores of copper in the desert of Atacama and Batagonya, and the American continent LatinIt has a large reserve of nitrates, and there are silver ore reserves estimated three million tons exist in Bolivia and Peru, In coastal areas of the plains, where temperatures rise provides fertile soil and available labor, grown cocoa, sugar cane and rice crops, cotton, and there are these crops in the State of Brazil, and there are wheat and corn cultivation in each of the countries of Argentina, Mexico, Chile and Uruguay, as these countries is famous for its livestock, Among these countries, Bba, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela Hattojd including a cooperation agreement, we note that the American continent Latin countries began the search in light of the new world order until you turn, so the American continent Latin countries signed agreements among themselves in order to achieve economic integration, and here noon (not for a Sylvia), where he began the emergence of his success in bringing together the views of the countries of the American continent Latin in order to establish a Latin American agreement (Oonsar) in May 2008, as well as try to create a joint parliament of South Latin America, submissive Brazil and Venezuela signed the cat an agreement to enhance cooperation between them, In 2008 was the signing of the founding of the Union of the countries of Latin America agreement, these countries have to re-draw the map geopolitical away from the dependency of the United States the American policy, the Brazil to participate in the pool (the BRIC countries), which includes Brazil, Russia, India, China, Brazil participated in the summit (Ipas), and it can be said that the eighteen Latin American participated in the framework of the San Francisco Conference in 1945 Who was attended by representatives from fifty countries for the drafting of the Charter of the United Nations.
In the framework of OPEC, consisting of 13 countries, each from Ecuador and Venezuela, in coordination with each other for the common good, held a summit of Latin American countries in May 2005 and was attended by the top 34 multi-state in order to open new markets for Latin American industries and out of the dependency States American United, we can say that there is in Latin America, 20 countries, and the number of the population in Latin continent 548 million and a half million, and the main languages in the Latin American continent, including Spanish, and Portuguese, and the French language, and now highlight:
Argentina
Written in Spanish (Repubblica Orzintina), border Chile to the south, Bolivia and Paraguay to the north, Brazil and Orgoae from the north-east, demanding Alrzintin the international community of their rights in Antarctica, where Argentina is that the area of one million square kilometers of the area of the Antarctic continued her, Argentina was occupied by Spain in 1516 and founded the Spanish (Pedro Mendoza) City (Buenos Aires), which means fresh air and Argentina got its independence in 1816 and Argentina has an area of about 2.7 million square kilometers, a population of 31.5 million people of Argentina, the country's capital are Buenos Aires, the most important cities in Argentina (Rosario and Cordoba and La Plata and Mendoza and Alsantaver and Bahia Blanca), Argentina's constitution approved in 1358 as a republic, the Constitution requires that a deputy and president of Catholics. In 1976 he took over a military government and solving the Congress were to change the central and local government structure in the 1983 elections were held and received a ruling by the civilian government of President.
President steps down after four-year period the president appoints the members of the Council of Ministers and the Congress is composed of the House of Representatives and the Senate and the House of Representatives the number 259, which is elected by the people, and the Senate is composed of 72 members chosen by the legislative bodies, and there are in Argentina's 22 administrative region County and one federal and one territory ruled island and each administrative district governor chosen by the people, in Argentina there are two parties, civil radical Party, and the second party AKP, in Argentina amount to 65,000 armed forces.
State of Belize
Overlooking the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Honduras from the north of Mexico, from the east and south Guatemala, named after the River Belize, where Maya between year 1500 civilization spread BC to the year 300 AD, the most important productions of timber, set up the English in Belize colonies, the British are the first to set up their colony in Belize and Honduras British colony call it the year 1862, and then change the name of the colony, it was called colony Honduras then became the name Belize in 1973 and gained independence in 1981, He was elected to Parliament in 1984, led by Manuel Scoville leader of the House of Representatives, created by George Bryce.
Belize state ownership, in the British Commonwealth and is a member, within the state consists Mayan mountain peaks, and in the State of Belize Belize There shake the length of 290 km.
Economy, depends on the cultivation of sugar cane and refined sugar, bananas, oranges, Jerivot, and export of pine wood, the district in Belize is Belize Province, Cayo and the District of Crosal, and the District of Orange Walk, and the District of Stann Creek, and the province of Toledo, population strains of the tribes of the Caribbean or the Mayan.
Languages English, followed by Spanish.
Some natives speak the Mayan language.
State of Bolivia
An area of one million km2, population 6.9 million, its capital, La Paz, the most important cities of Santa Cruz, Oruro, Sokoa, potties, Kochaba, they raise llamas and abaca, and staying celebrations in the city of Taah and Atco, located above the Andes, the movement originated national year 1943 - 1964 under the leadership of Victor Paz Ostnssoro.
President of the Republic since 1997 named Hugo Panzer Soares.
State of Brazil
Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America region, population about 193 million people, speaking in Portuguese.
For the border: the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and there are Brazil's coast extends 750 km from the Middle length, from the north there is Venezuela, Tuyana, Suriname, in the north-west there are Colombia, while in the West there are Bolivia and Peru, and the south-west Argentina and Albarajua, on the south by Uruguay.
In Brazil there are many archipelagos, the most famous of Fernando de Noronha, Rocas Atoll, St. Peter, St. Paul. Brazil was a Portuguese colony since 1500 and even in 1815, Knight led by Cabral, then became part of the United Kingdom of Portugal, in 1822 gained independence and became a republic in 1889, Brazil in the BRIC member.
Brazil today:
Military rule ended in 1985, was elected Tancredo de Almeida Levi president of the republic, and in 1988 and in 1989 was elected president of another Republic, which Fernando Collor de Mello, accused of negligence, they elect another president in 1994 named Fernando that Ricky Cardozo.
Brazil's tropical climate dank extremely hot throughout the year, as we head south the climate becomes moderate, in Brazil is divided into three geographical regions: the Amazon region, North region, the Central Highlands province.
For the Amazon region in the north, it occupies more than half of the state, in the city of Manawas, the largest city in the middle of the Amazon, the rain falling throughout the year, and temperatures approximately 27 degrees, the Amazon region has gained its name from the Amazon River. It stems from Peru, flowing water a brown color laden with silt, and this hurt the river in the Atlantic Ocean, and is the second longest river in the world after the Nile River.
Forests contain multiple species of trees, scientists have discovered more than three thousand species of trees grow in almost an area two and a half square kilometers, most famous of these trees, walnut tree, which has a length of about 64 m, and the tree Alchordia, and tree kapok, and tree wood Almahonge , and the trees of the Purple Heart, rose trees, rubber trees, as is the production of medicines from these forests, as well as the sap wood, fruits, nuts and timber.
It also there are about 1,500 species of birds, including Albrkit and parrot, and Toukan, also joins these birds, monkeys and mosquitoes, and there are animals like to eat ants, animal tigers, and animal sloths, tapir, and crocodile Alkaliman, and pig water that weighs about 45 kg.
This region live in it 30% of the population, there are two rivers in this region, Narenaaba River, and the Sao Francisco River, where farmers and livestock rearing, and no farmland light, and the cultivation of beans and cassava, and corn, and cotton.
The population living in mud huts
Province of the Central Highlands, is a region where half the population lives, and are based in the city of Sao Paulo, and Rediojaniero province contain precious metals, precious, and planting cotton, grapes, potatoes, rice, sugar cane, wheat, precious as gold and metals, iron, manganese, and other minerals.
There are wonderful Falls between the borders of Brazil, Argentina, its name Ajawarko Falls landing from high 72 m, use it to generate electricity by Torbeidat, and fall rains throughout the year, and the population raise cattle and horses, and the region is rich in huge flocks of birds, are following Brazil several islands most important, Sao Island Pedro and Sao Paulo, and Fernandodi Noronha island, and the people of the annular Rocas, and another type of islands, Trinidad and Markina.
Government: federal, 1889 became a republic containing 26 states, there is Congress in the government consists of 81 members (Senate), and the 503 member (House of Representatives).
Economy: In Brazil there are currency rial, Brazil member of various economic organizations, including the Organization Marcosol, Oonasol, XX group, Kaertis group, occupies Brazil prestigious center, in manufacturing the factories of iron and steel, Brazil produces raw sugar, textile products, the aircraft industry , chemicals, cement industry, machinery industry, paper, cosmetic medicine, and transportation equipment industry.
Brazil and Paraguay share the year 1975 to build a plant for the production of electrical energy from the dam Skebo, which produces power 12 million kW, this dam cost $ 12 billion, the production of Brazil 20% of the world crop in coffee in agricultural production manioc or Alcasav, and in orange production , the production of papayas and there, and sugar cane, cocoa, cotton, corn, pineapple, rice, soybeans, tobacco and pilot projects in cattle, horses, poultry and sheep breeding is in the top-producing states poultry meat, milk and eggs.
For mining: as the only supplier in the world there are in Brazil, is the quartz crystals, high-quality, high-quality, they have production of beryllium, chromium and diamonds, gold, graphite, iron, magnesium, manganese, mica and tin.
There, Brazil, the largest stockpile of iron in the world.
State of Chile:
Spain occupied in 1540 and remained a colony from 1540 to 1818, Chile is the country's coastline, home to a rectangular shape in the west of the continent, 750,000 sq km, population 12.7 million people, space, capital of Santiago, or St. James, the most famous cities of Valbariso, Anto Vakeste , Valdivia, Koncion, Chile country a heated longitudinally along the west of the continent, the distance lengthwise four thousand square kilometers, Chile vary in nature, in the north desert, in the middle fertile river basins, in the south, volcanic mountains covered with snow, Language: Spanish, Export: issued Chilean copper, in the year of 1520 was a Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Mageland the first European arrived in Chile, and in 1540 Chile entered person named Pedro de Valdivia, we can say that the rule of the Spaniards extended from the sixth century decade until the early nineteenth century, ten, in 1817 at the Battle of the River Maipú defeated the Spaniards, and became Ohi, sex, commander of the state, now newly in the early twentieth century has become high in nitrate exports, and during the First World War has also increased the demand for nitrates because it is used in the manufacture of explosives Fsad export Chile, in 1964, he was elected Eduardo Frei Mentga president This began in the agrarian reform program and increase the export of copper.
In 1987 he was elected President of the Republic named Pinochet, which allowed the parties to exercise its work on a limited scale, and in 1995 was elected a new president named Eduardo Fraarioz, The Binoch became the head of the armed forces.
Economy: Chile is famous for its copper, which owns a third of the world's reserves of copper in Chile and there are natural nitrates, and there is also manganese, iron, gold and silver.
Colombia:
Located in the northwestern part of the Latin continent, and the border of North and East Caribbean Venezuela and Brazil, the south of Peru, Ecuador, Panama and the West Pacific
Ranked Spaniards Colombia 1509, area 1.1 million sq km, population 30 million, capital Kuta, the most famous cities of Cali, Madayan, Pekao, Cartagena, is the official language of the Spanish Language, known for Colombia cultivation of coffee, cotton, rice and barley as there is in Colombia gold and silver.
Costa Rica
Central located Latin America, the border of the north Nicaragua, to the east of the Caribbean Sea, to the west, the Pacific Ocean, south of Panama, Costa Rica ranked Spaniards in 1563 and became independent in 1821
Space is 50 thousand square kilometers, population 2.8 million, the capital, San Jose, Costa Rica was elected Chairman of the 1970 Vicoers, language is Spanish in Costa Rica.
Cuba
Internationalized Central Latin America, the capital Havana, the largest island of the Antilles between the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean and the Atlantic, and is adjacent to the State of Florida and the length of the island 1,000 kilometers meters and display the island 150 km away from the Florida about 150 km, Cuba beautiful and famous regions of iron and manganese and copper Nickel Chrome barium and exported sugar, tobacco, coffee, occupied by the Spaniards in 1492 until 1517, where the number of African slaves arrivals increased to Cuba, but the farmer Spanish owners were treated Hlae slave extreme and brutal cruelty, in 1812 an uprising by the slaves, led by Jose Antonio Abonyi and the Spaniards Bamsake and kill him, In 1826 someone named Simon Bolivar configure Army for the Liberation of Cuba and in 1959 helped Fidel Castro and his assistant, Che Guevara became Fidel Castro, President of the Republic and the work of Castro agreement with the Soviet Union in 1960, where the Soviet Union supplied Cuba with military equipment and allowed the Soviet Union to set up missile base that ignited the crisis Cuban missile, and under the threat of the United States withdrew the missiles and equipment complete.
Dominican republic:
Is one of the Caribbean countries occupy two-thirds of the island (Hopponiola) remaining triangle of the island is the Republic of Heja, and an area of 75 000 km a quarter, occupy Dominican Republic, including 48 000 square kilometers and the rest is occupied by the Republic of Haiti discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1492 m east Hopponiola island occupied by the Dominican, bounded From North Pacific waters, the Caribbean waters of the South,
Population 6.8 million, is the capital of Santo Domingo, the republic produces sugar and the annual production capacity of 910 thousand tons of sugar per year, locals make a kind of molasses sugar (molasses) and the Dominican Republic where there is export of gold and nickel and cement.
Ecuador
Ecuador is located in the north-west of the continent of South America, the border: Colombia to the north, Peru to the south, overlooking the Pacific Ocean to the west, Ecuador follows the Islands of them Gba José, natives of the Inca population, space area of 300 thousand square kilometers, a population of 15 million people and the capital Kitor name, Kwaya to a port as well.
60% of the population, American Indians and the rest Almasnezo There is also the so-called Negro minorities and immigrants living on the coastal range.
Alselvador:
Central is one of the Latin American countries, gained independence in 1856, the area 21 thousand square kilometers, population five million people, the capital, San Slfaro, located on the Pacific Coast, from the Middle Honduras, Guatemala from the north, the Pacific Ocean to the west, the population is a mixture of Alammerikenn Indians and Spaniards (Almsenizo) 75% of the population are Msenizo and 25% are white population, the economy is the cultivation of coffee, cotton, sugar cane, cereals such as corn, rice, sugar refining industries, cotton, cotton textiles, breeding cows.
Guatemala:
Latin and Central America, the border of Mexico to the north, the Pacific Ocean to the south, the State of Belize to the east and the State of Honduras and south-east of El Salvador, population 15.8 million people, the capital, Guatemala, This is the state portion of the Mayan civilization, independence in 1821, was ruled by Bakhurka or Pico (dictator) 1944 ousted then until 1996 the country into civil war, the year 2011 had the election won by Otto Perez Molina.
Haiti:
Creole and French in the Caribbean, occupies Hspenaaol Island, inside Alantl greatest archipelago, has been called the Redskins name (my son) mean by high mountains, the high mountains are located at a point called Bichaelasil, altitude 8790 m, area 27 750 sq km, the capital, Port-au-Prince , became independent in 1804, the first of its income Christopher Columbus in 1492, the first president of the Republic of 1806, where the conflict took place between the two leaders are Pétion and Christophe, in 1818 surrendered Pétion, while the second Christophe committed suicide in 1820, in 1957, he was elected Duvalier head of state , 1971 Duvalier died and left his son Jazz Claude, in 1986 to expel Duvalier after the revolution, in 1994 with the help of the United States elected to the Republic President, a Gantt Bertdand, Haiti's ten administrative regions, the economy: coffee and sugar cane cultivation, sisal, a plant used in the making thread scheduler, as well as the cultivation of cocoa, there is in Haiti cotton factories.
Honduras:
Of Central American countries, the border of the North Caribbean, West Guatemala, South Salvador, south-west Nicaragua, bananas main income in the country, coffee, maize, capital Tbejo Sajalba, Spanish, population 80 thousand people, and the capital, where a mixture of population, the number of the capital's population of 6.4 million people, live only in the capital, in 1981, elected a new president named Carlos Rupertorena In 1997, he was appointed head of another named Carlos Roberto Flores Vakyuz, the most important event in the country in 1998 tornado hit a rainy Vgrguet the country and the capital, the length and breadth and received more than 7,000 killed, and destroyed more than 70,000 homes.
Mexico:
Is one of North America, the border north of the United States, South and West Pacific, southeast Guatemala, Belize and the Caribbean, to the east the Gulf of Mexico, the area of 2 million square kilometers, population 114 million people, is made up of thirty-one states, receives Mexico annually 22 0.5 million international tourists, the capital, Mexico City, was founded on the ruins of the Aztec capital was named Nino Okhtellan old, Language comes from the Nahua, Almxhexo meaning Dryer of the word moon, ancient cultures, found artifacts dating back to 28,000 years old, and this archaeological sites Jegn Itza, one of the Seven Wonders, in 1807, French troops and the Spanish Mexico occupied, there are in Mexico two series from the mountains of Western Sierra Madre, walk earners East, in Mexico the most important rivers famous Grande, the river Bulsas and Grijalva River.
Language comes from the Nahua, Almxhexo meaning Dryer of the word moon, ancient cultures, found artifacts dating back to 28,000 years old, and this archaeological sites Jegn Itza, one of the Seven Wonders, in 1807, French troops and the Spanish Mexico occupied, there are in Mexico two series from the mountains of Western Sierra Madre, walk earners East, in Mexico the most important rivers famous Grande, the river Bulsas and Grijalva River.
The River Ausumaa Cinta and River Konschus and Lake advice called CHABALA, there diversity of biological, there are 707 species of reptiles and contain 430 species of mammals and contains 290 species of amphibians, they have cars, cement industry, chemical industry, food products industry, the most important production of mineral substances It is the first producer of silver, there are metal copper, gold, lead, sulfur and salt as well, famous Kalshokulath food products, tomatoes, corn, vanilla, avocado, guava, Mexican tea, hawthorn Mexican.
Nicaragua:
DC: Manako, President Daniel Ortika, declared independence on September 15, 1821, population six million people, borders Honduras to the north, Kesterica from the south, the Caribbean Sea to the east, the Pacific Ocean to the west, there is in Lake Nicaragua has the largest mass of water fresh, the area was uninhabited Indians in 1502, fired Nicaragua name proportion to the Indian leader had been living with his tribe in the region, independence in 1821, 1984 Daniel Ortika elected president of Nicaragua, the conflict between Alsandinstien and the Contras continued until 1990 happened to sign an agreement for a ceasefire and the election of Violeta Barrios de Chamorro in 1997, the economy: agriculture employs one-third of the population of the most important cotton, coffee and sugar cane crops, the country's capital Mannaku a population of a million and a half people, speak the Spanish language.
The Republic of Panama
Is one of the South American countries, an area of 8000 square kilometers, the border of the North Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, from the South Pacific, from Juhu southeast Colombia, from Juhu northwest Costa Rica, in Panama using English as a second language and currency Albwa which is equivalent to the US dollar.
Panama is divided into nine provinces hot tropical climate, forests cover an area of two-thirds
Population or demographic eighth Spanish population, one-sixth Africans, a minority of American Indians, a minority Arab population, some Asians.
Paraguay: Paraguay River breached, border: Argentina from the south and Alrasil, Bolivia and from the north-west, an area of 5000 km Mrba.alskan four million people and the capital of Paraguay, Asuncion.
Regions: Chaco, constitute three-fifths of the area, there Blko May River being in the Chaco region, there are people who speak the German language and condemn Freemasonry faith living in the Chaco region. Last province, eastern Paraguay.
Paraguay was occupied in 1767 by the Spaniards have won the 1814 Independence
First from Paraguay Alkuaranjon housing are Indians, and then came the missions of the Jesuit missionary Daw arriving in the country in 1588
In 1999 he was chosen leader of Brothers Carlos and Azmosze
The nine provinces of the country in addition to the nine diverse secondary
The main language is Spanish.
Peru: the country is located in the Andes Mountains on the west coast of Peru overlooking the west on the Atlantic Ocean, in the foothills of the mountains Indians, US primitive lives so far, and the Peruvian Inca center, the border: from the north of Colombia and Ecuador, on the east by Bolivia, Brazil and Chile to the south, and the Pacific from the West, population 21 million, and the capital, Lima, and the most important cities of Callao, Arequipa, Trujillo, the Spanish language is the official, and there are local languages again like Als, Aymara, and the country is divided into 22 provinces with an area of 1,300 square km, the population of mestizo.
Activities are fishing, agriculture and the convergence of 36% of the population.
Mineral wealth of international order, silver ranked fourth Lanka of their origin, language and origin Alkooncho.
Uruguay:
Located on the southeast coast of South America, the population of Uruguay from Spanish settlers descended or immigrant Italians, Spanish is the official language, gained independence in 1825, and the number of inhabitants in 1988 about p million, and an area of 200,000 square km and the capital Monthavidio, and the most important cities of Salto, Beissndo, to Eiberas, Reifara.
Elected Luis Alberto LaSalle as president in 1989
The biggest political parties: the Colorado Party, the National Party or Blanco Party.
Venezuela: Area 900,000 sq km, population 20 million, is characterized by extension of its territory from the west of the Andes until the Amazon River basin to the south through the plains Allanos and the Caribbean coast in rural and Delta Orinoco River in the east, resigned Venezuela in 1830, and that was led by Simon Bolivar and in recognition of gratitude to him became known as the Republic of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
Wrote his name on the currency, and was named the most important fields, streets and universities proportion to his name, after oil appearance in eastern Venezuela areas, corruption and repression continued despite huge oil revenues Regan said Venezuela is the third oil producer, the last government in 1998 emulated by Colonel Hoku Chavez, the capital its name Karakaz, operates the Andes 12% of the area of Venezuela.
Guijana French:
Is one of the provinces beyond the seas French, the currency in which the euro area 80 000 sq km, is a prison where sent France sentenced to this mandate, and there is a special prison for politicians, in Devils Island, Guijana the French first thing colonized by France in in 1667, the French seemed then send political prisoners French days of the French Revolution to this mandate, and was the number of prisoners of 70 000 prisoners between the period 1852 until France has shut it down permanently in 1945, the most famous of the Guijana French islands were used Redemption Island prisons, Royal Island, St. Joseph Island, Devil Island, in Aguijana French economy is based on fishing in the French Guijana are gold mining.
Guadalupe:
Islands are subject to France, which is among the Antilles in the Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, population 300 000 people, a mix of the white European descent French blacks and there is also, in 1950 the population of the country's 200 000 inhabitants and in 2000 the number of residents to 400 000 people, major cities buster.
Martinec:
Island is located east of the Caribbean Sea, population 400 000 inhabitants, one of the Antilles group, a subsidiary of France.
Puerto Rico:
An island of the Antilles, there is 1% of the population of Arabs and Muslims, the most important cities of St. Juan.
Bibliography:
-http://www.marefa.org/index.php/أمريكا_اللاتينية
-https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sūðamerica